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MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE





MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE AND IT’S LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN NIGERIA

Medical negligence, according to black law dictionary, is defined as the failure to provide medical, dental and psychiatric care that is necessary to prevent or treat serious physical or emotional injury or illness.In other words, it is the failure of a medical worker to exercise the required degree of care and meticulousness that is expected from a doctor or surgeon of similar nature or specialty.
A medical practitioner owes a duty to exercise reasonable skill and care in the treatment of his patients.This duty is independent of any contract between the practioner and his patient, and therefore subsists regardless of whether the treatment was performed gratuitously, voluntarily, or for a fee[1].
Furthermore, a doctor who undertakes to treat a patient, whether or not there is an agreement between them, a duty of care arises[2].
At the time of induction into the medical profession, medical doctors swear to an oath to consecrate and dedicate their lives to the service of humanity, to respect the secrets which are confided in them and to maintain the honour and noble traditions of the profession, among others.
This oath has been universally adopted by the world assembly of world medical association at Geneva, Switzerland, in September 1948, and ammended by the 22nd world medical assembly at Sydney, Australia in August 1994.[3]Despite all these, it is disheartening to see that there remains numerous lacuna in the Nigerian medical field which require urgent attention.

INSTANCES OF MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE IN NIGERIA.

1) Unprofessional handling of patients.
2) Unhealthy rivalries among health workers.
3) Poor transportation and amblance systems in cases of emmergency.
4) Presription of wrong drugs and tablets.
5) Putting money ahead of lives.This is a common occurence in privately owned clinics.
6) Using of harsh and disgusting words on patients, especially by nurses.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE IN NIGERIA.

The liability of a medical practitioner covers both civil and criminal liability.Both the criminal code(applicable in Southern Nigeria) and the penal code(applicable in Northern Nigeria) contain provisions under which cases of medical negligence can be prosecuted.The Nigerian criminal code[4] provides thus:

“It is the duty of every person who,except in
a case of necessity, undertakes to administer
Surgical or medical treatments to any other person,
Or to do any other lawful act which is,or may be
Dangerous to human life or health, to have reasonable
Skill or to use reasonable care…….”.

In conclusion, based on the foregoing, it is deducible that the attitudes of Nigerian health workers towards patients is very shameful and relevant health stakeholders, including the government, need to take certain steps to salvage the situation.


[1]Dada, 2002

[2]Umerah, 1989

[3]Olunlade, 2014

[4]Sections 308 and 343(1)(e)


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